Top 100 2019-4: 61-70

61. Patti Smith – Gloria

Patti Smith, stencil print on paper, 2019

Several versions of Patti Smith rendition of the Them classic Gloria secured the entry in the top 100. Different live versions exist on YouTube, notably a 1979 Rockpalast concert but the original recording on Horses, her debut album, is picked for the top 100 playlist. The song on Horses has two movement: In Exelsis Deo written by Smith herself and Gloria (version) penned by Them frontman Van Morrison. In 2005 on its thirtieth anniversary Patti Smith rerecorded Horses live and in 2015, the 40th, she played the full album again in a series of concerts.

Patti Smith
11 x 8.5 inches, stencil print, 2019

62. Garifuna Indians: Abelagudahami

Garifuna Settlement Day Festival, oil on canvas, 2019

The Garifuna are descendants of West Africans and the Carib and Arawak peoples. The song Abelagudahami appears on The spirit Cries: Music of the Rainforests of South America & The Caribbean (Smithsonian, Library of Congress, 1993). It was the first album of the Endangered Music Project series initiated by Mickey Hart (the Grateful Dead). As with so many indiginous Americans the history of the Garifuna is one of persecution and displacement. They ended up in Honduras and spread to neighboring Belize and Nicaragua. The Garifuna heard on Abelagudahami are from Belize. Despite the "endangered" label on the cd they are today thriving in Belize.

63. India>Kerala: Malayalis' Kurava

Kerala: Kurava performer, oil on canvas, 2019
From Wikipedia: "from Latin ulolo, is a long, wavering, high-pitched vocal sound resembling a howl with a trilling quality. It is produced by emitting a high pitched loud voice accompanied with a rapid back and forth movement of the tongue and the uvula." Ululation is an example of onomatopoeia (another beautiful word) "the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named."

64. Gour Khepa – You Were Unable to Keep the Love Water...

Gour Khepa, oil on canvas, 2019

Sometimes referred to as madman or wild man, Khepa is not a name but a Bengali title more properly translated as "wise man." Gour Kyapa (as Khepa is now spelled) was a storied Baul philosopher and musician. The Bauls are an ethnic Bengali sect of wandering minstrels traveling through Bangladesh and eastern India. Their musical tradition goes back to at least the eighteenth century and was orally transmitted only (until sound recordings and subsequent transcriptions were made.) The Bauls are ascetics, renouncing material belongings and marriage. They subsist on gifts or alms in exchange for (musical) recitals that use only very basic language, including many profanities. The LP Bengale: Chants des "fous" (Chants du Monde, 1990) is an excellent compilation. Tu n'as pu conserver le nectar d'amour by Gour Khepa is the song listed in the top 100 2019/19. Gour Khepa was born in 1947 and died after a traffic accident in 2013.

65. Xongorzul – The River Herlen

Ganbaararyn Khongorzul, oil on canvas, 2019
The River Herlen is found on a cd tucked into the book Where Rivers and Mountains Sing: Sound, Musica and Nomadism in Tuva and Beyond by Theodore Levin. Unlike the other musicians on the cd Xongorzul is not discussed as an individual but functions as a sound example of the Mongolian 'long-song' tradition. The long in long-song references the extended syllables in the text. "A four-minute song may only consist of ten words." Ganbaararyn Khongorzul performs with Yo Yo Ma's Silk Road Ensemble and performed at the opening ceremony at the 2002 World Cup.

66. Utekn and Yuimuk – Women's Wu-ungka Songs

From the cover of Aboriginal Music from Australia, oil on canvas, 2019

The image of an Aboriginal preparing food I used comes from the LP Aboriginal Music from Australia on the Phillips label. The source of the music this image represents is a cd however, a reissue on UNESCO's Collection of Traditional Music now named: Australia: Aboriginal Music. The cd has the texts and music of the original LP but not the photographs. I can not identify the images on the LP cover. I'm not certain about the gender either but the breast shown seems to indicate a woman. There is only one track sung by women on the record but it does not necessarily mean that a photo on the cover illustrates a song on the record. The song is a type of Wu-unka song sung by Utekn and Yaimuk in the Wik-ngatara language in northern Queensland. The song was recorded in 1966 by Alice M. Moyle, who I assume was also responsible for the photograph on the sleeve.

67. Nowayilethi Mbizweni, Ngqoko group recorded by Dave Dargie

Nowayilethi Mbizweni, oil on canvas, 2020

The recording is like last year's from Dave Dargie's film Umngqokolo: Thembu Xhosa, Overtone Singing 1985-1998. On the particular section in the top 100 she's not performing solo or as a duet like she was in a previous top 100 but fronts the Ngqoko group seen in the movie. The group consists of about fifteen singers, mostly women but a few men are included too. Nowayilethi sits in front next to (her sister perhaps) Nofirst Mbizweni. The rest of the group are standing behind them. The term 'umngqolo' refers to the type of throat singing Mbizweni is known for and I now learned how to properly pronounce it with the Xhosa clicking sound included.

68. Cat Power – Robbin Hood

Cat Power, pencil on paper, 2019
Talking with my friend Jade before the Cat Power concert last Friday he mused that most of the musicians I painted would be unknown to her. I told him that I wouldn't be surprised if Cat Power would be much more familiar to these ethnomusicological recordings than one would expect. During the concert Cat Power used her hands to alter her singing voice on several occasions very much like the Rundi women (#42), most poignantly during a cover of Bob Dylan's Hard Times in New York City (perhaps to mimic Dylan's nasal voice). One of my favorite tunes she performed that Friday was Robbin Hood from her latest Wanderer. The above drawing done during the concert then becomes the official illustration for the song in the Top 100.

69. Lola Kiepja – Guanaco Myth Chant

Lola Kiepja, oil on canvas, 2019

In 1964 Ann Chapman went to the Argentinian part of Tierra del Fuego to meet and record the Ona (Selk'nam) shaman Lola Kiepja. She was the last, and oldest, remaining indian who had a living memory of Selk'nam customs. Whe she died in 1966 the Selk'nam were a people of the past. Kiepja was around ninety. Chapman published eleven photos and numerous recordings of Kiepja, all made during her stay in 1964/65. A photo of a much younger Kiepja exists and was published along 47 of Chapman's recordings by Smithsonian on Selk'nam Chants of Terra del Fuego in 1972. Smithsonian released an additional 42 chants on a second volume. Guanaco Myth Chant is one of these. In the 1905 photo of Kiepja, made by Carlos Gallardo, Kiepja is seen wearing the traditional guanaco costume.

Lola Kiepja
14 x 11 inches, oil on canvas, 2019

70. Cat Power – Horizon

Cat Power, oil on canvas, 2019
Five of the six Cat Power songs, all from the LP Wanderer, are painted. The Cat Power portrait here, painted several months ago, belongs to Horizon. The final Cat Power portrait for the Top 100 2018/2019 exhibit, illustrating Robbin Hood, will have to wait until I go see her live in concert in Tampa in September. It'll be based on sketches done from life.